abstract：:This primer discusses a study from Bradley et al. in which changes in transcription factor binding between two Drosophila species are revealed by chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing. ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Wittkopp PJ

更新日期：2010-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Two-component signal transduction pathways comprising histidine protein kinases (HPKs) and their response regulators (RRs) are widely used to control bacterial responses to environmental challenges. Some bacteria have over 150 different two-component pathways, and the specificity of the phosphotransfer reactions withi...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Bell CH,Porter SL,Strawson A,Stuart DI,Armitage JP

更新日期：2010-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Invariant representations of stimulus features are thought to play an important role in producing stable percepts of objects. In the present study, we assess the invariance of neural representations of tactile motion direction with respect to other stimulus properties. To this end, we record the responses evoked in in...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Pei YC,Hsiao SS,Craig JC,Bensmaia SJ

更新日期：2010-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The relative contributions to modern European populations of Paleolithic hunter-gatherers and Neolithic farmers from the Near East have been intensely debated. Haplogroup R1b1b2 (R-M269) is the commonest European Y-chromosomal lineage, increasing in frequency from east to west, and carried by 110 million European men....

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Balaresque P,Bowden GR,Adams SM,Leung HY,King TE,Rosser ZH,Goodwin J,Moisan JP,Richard C,Millward A,Demaine AG,Barbujani G,Previderè C,Wilson IJ,Tyler-Smith C,Jobling MA

更新日期：2010-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The region of the ancient Sahul continent (present day Australia and New Guinea, and surrounding islands) is home to extreme linguistic diversity. Even apart from the huge Austronesian language family, which spread into the area after the breakup of the Sahul continent in the Holocene, there are hundreds of languages ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Reesink G,Singer R,Dunn M

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long distance migration of differentiating granule cells from the cerebellar upper rhombic lip has been reported in many vertebrates. However, the knowledge about the subcellular dynamics and molecular mechanisms regulating directional neuronal migration in vivo is just beginning to emerge. Here we show by time-lapse ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Rieger S,Senghaas N,Walch A,Köster RW

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein modifications play a major role for most biological processes in living organisms. Amino-terminal acetylation of proteins is a common modification found throughout the tree of life: the N-terminus of a nascent polypeptide chain becomes co-translationally acetylated, often after the removal of the initiating me...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Goetze S,Qeli E,Mosimann C,Staes A,Gerrits B,Roschitzki B,Mohanty S,Niederer EM,Laczko E,Timmerman E,Lange V,Hafen E,Aebersold R,Vandekerckhove J,Basler K,Ahrens CH,Gevaert K,Brunner E

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fusion proteins composed of the histone methyltransferase mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) and a variety of unrelated fusion partners are highly leukemogenic. Despite their prevalence, particularly in pediatric acute leukemia, many molecular details of their transforming mechanism are unknown. Here, we provide mechanistic...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Mueller D,García-Cuéllar MP,Bach C,Buhl S,Maethner E,Slany RK

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The organization of intra-Golgi trafficking and the nature of the transport intermediates involved (e.g., vesicles, tubules, or tubular continuities) remain incompletely understood. It was recently shown that successive cisternae in the Golgi stack are interconnected by membrane tubules that form during the arrival of...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： San Pietro E,Capestrano M,Polishchuk EV,DiPentima A,Trucco A,Zizza P,Mariggiò S,Pulvirenti T,Sallese M,Tete S,Mironov AA,Leslie CC,Corda D,Luini A,Polishchuk RS

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemotaxis allows bacteria to colonize their environment more efficiently and to find optimal growth conditions, and is consequently under strong evolutionary selection. Theoretical and experimental analyses of bacterial chemotaxis suggested that the pathway has been evolutionarily optimized to produce robust output u...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Løvdok L,Bentele K,Vladimirov N,Müller A,Pop FS,Lebiedz D,Kollmann M,Sourjik V

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A wide range of organisms use sex pheromones to communicate with each other and to identify appropriate mating partners. While the evolution of chemical communication has been suggested to cause sexual isolation and speciation, the mechanisms that govern evolutionary transitions in sex pheromone production are poorly ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Shirangi TR,Dufour HD,Williams TM,Carroll SB

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Reward-related dopaminergic influences on learning and overt behaviour are well established, but any influence on sensory decision-making is largely unknown. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while participants judged electric somatosensory stimuli on one hand or other, before being reward...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Pleger B,Ruff CC,Blankenburg F,Klöppel S,Driver J,Dolan RJ

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaptic plasticity is widely believed to constitute a key mechanism for modifying functional properties of neuronal networks. This belief implicitly implies, however, that synapses, when not driven to change their characteristics by physiologically relevant stimuli, will maintain these characteristics over time. How ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Minerbi A,Kahana R,Goldfeld L,Kaufman M,Marom S,Ziv NE

更新日期：2009-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:How cell proliferation subsides as cells terminally differentiate remains largely enigmatic, although this phenomenon is central to the existence of multicellular organisms. Here, we show that GATA-1, the master transcription factor of erythropoiesis, forms a tricomplex with the retinoblastoma protein (pRb) and E2F-2....

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Kadri Z,Shimizu R,Ohneda O,Maouche-Chretien L,Gisselbrecht S,Yamamoto M,Romeo PH,Leboulch P,Chretien S

更新日期：2009-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent evidence suggests that many malignancies, including breast cancer, are driven by a cellular subcomponent that displays stem cell-like properties. The protein phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is inactivated in a wide range of human cancers, an alteration that is associated with a poor prognosis. Because PTE...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Korkaya H,Paulson A,Charafe-Jauffret E,Ginestier C,Brown M,Dutcher J,Clouthier SG,Wicha MS

更新日期：2009-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanism by which a complex auditory scene is parsed into coherent objects depends on poorly understood interactions between task-driven and stimulus-driven attentional processes. We illuminate these interactions in a simultaneous behavioral-neurophysiological study in which we manipulate participants' attention ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Elhilali M,Xiang J,Shamma SA,Simon JZ

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To complete cell division with high fidelity, cytokinesis must be coordinated with chromosome segregation. Mammalian Polo-like kinase 1, Plk1, may function as a critical link because it is required for chromosome segregation and establishment of the cleavage plane following anaphase onset. A central spindle-localized ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Wolfe BA,Takaki T,Petronczki M,Glotzer M

更新日期：2009-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The archaeal RNA polymerase (RNAP) shares structural similarities with eukaryotic RNAP II but requires a reduced subset of general transcription factors for promoter-dependent initiation. To deepen our knowledge of cellular transcription, we have determined the structure of the 13-subunit DNA-directed RNAP from Sulfol...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Korkhin Y,Unligil UM,Littlefield O,Nelson PJ,Stuart DI,Sigler PB,Bell SD,Abrescia NG

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mimivirus is the largest known virus whose genome and physical size are comparable to some small bacteria, blurring the boundary between a virus and a cell. Structural studies of Mimivirus have been difficult because of its size and long surface fibers. Here we report the use of enzymatic digestions to remove the surf...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Xiao C,Kuznetsov YG,Sun S,Hafenstein SL,Kostyuchenko VA,Chipman PR,Suzan-Monti M,Raoult D,McPherson A,Rossmann MG

更新日期：2009-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular mechanisms by which floral homeotic genes act as major developmental switches to specify the identity of floral organs are still largely unknown. Floral homeotic genes encode transcription factors of the MADS-box family, which are supposed to assemble in a combinatorial fashion into organ-specific multim...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Kaufmann K,Muiño JM,Jauregui R,Airoldi CA,Smaczniak C,Krajewski P,Angenent GC

更新日期：2009-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Since 1960, magnetic fields have been discussed as Zeitgebers for circadian clocks, but the mechanism by which clocks perceive and process magnetic information has remained unknown. Recently, the radical-pair model involving light-activated photoreceptors as magnetic field sensors has gained considerable support, and ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Yoshii T,Ahmad M,Helfrich-Förster C

更新日期：2009-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIR-FM) has become a powerful tool for studying clathrin-mediated endocytosis. However, due to difficulties in tracking and quantifying their heterogeneous dynamic behavior, detailed analyses have been restricted to a limited number of selected clathrin-coated pits (C...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Loerke D,Mettlen M,Yarar D,Jaqaman K,Jaqaman H,Danuser G,Schmid SL

更新日期：2009-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The acquisition of terminal cell fate and onset of differentiation are instructed by cell type-specific master control genes. Loss of differentiation is frequently observed during cancer progression, but the underlying causes and mechanisms remain poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that master regulators of d...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Bossuyt W,De Geest N,Aerts S,Leenaerts I,Marynen P,Hassan BA

更新日期：2009-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) belongs to the AGC superfamily of related serine/threonine protein kinases. It is a key regulator downstream of various growth factors and hormones and is involved in malignant transformation and chemo-resistance. Full-length PKB protein has not been crystallised, thus studying the molecular...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Calleja V,Laguerre M,Parker PJ,Larijani B

更新日期：2009-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Chromatin insulators/boundary elements share the ability to insulate a transgene from its chromosomal context by blocking promiscuous enhancer-promoter interactions and heterochromatin spreading. Several insulating factors target different DNA consensus sequences, defining distinct subfamilies of insulators. Whether e...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Emberly E,Blattes R,Schuettengruber B,Hennion M,Jiang N,Hart CM,Käs E,Cuvier O

更新日期：2008-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects one third of the human world population and kills someone every 15 seconds. For more than a century, scientists and clinicians have been distinguishing between the human- and animal-adapted members of the M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC). However, all human-adapted strains of MTBC have...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Hershberg R,Lipatov M,Small PM,Sheffer H,Niemann S,Homolka S,Roach JC,Kremer K,Petrov DA,Feldman MW,Gagneux S

更新日期：2008-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Organisms evolve two routes to surviving infections-they can resist pathogen growth (resistance) and they can endure the pathogenesis of infection (tolerance). The sum of these two properties together defines the defensive capabilities of the host. Typically, studies of animal defenses focus on either understanding re...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Ayres JS,Schneider DS

更新日期：2008-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Both endocrine and exocrine pancreatic cells arise from pancreatic-duodenal homeobox 1 (pdx1)-positive progenitors. The molecular mechanisms controlling cell fate determination and subsequent proliferation, however, are poorly understood. Unlike endocrine cells, less is known about exocrine cell specification. We repo...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Jiang Z,Song J,Qi F,Xiao A,An X,Liu NA,Zhu Z,Zhang B,Lin S

更新日期：2008-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the molecular events that underlie the evolution of morphological diversity is a major challenge in biology. Here, to identify genes whose expression correlates with species-specific morphologies, we compared transcriptomes of two closely related Hydra species. We find that species-specific differences i...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Khalturin K,Anton-Erxleben F,Sassmann S,Wittlieb J,Hemmrich G,Bosch TC

更新日期：2008-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Newborn granule cells become functionally integrated into the synaptic circuitry of the adult dentate gyrus after a morphological and electrophysiological maturation process. The molecular mechanisms by which immature neurons and the neurites extending from them find their appropriate position and target area remain l...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Jessberger S,Aigner S,Clemenson GD Jr,Toni N,Lie DC,Karalay O,Overall R,Kempermann G,Gage FH

更新日期：2008-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The maintenance of pluripotency and specification of cellular lineages during embryonic development are controlled by transcriptional regulatory networks, which coordinate specific sets of genes through both activation and repression. The transcriptional repressor RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) plays import...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Johnson R,Teh CH,Kunarso G,Wong KY,Srinivasan G,Cooper ML,Volta M,Chan SS,Lipovich L,Pollard SM,Karuturi RK,Wei CL,Buckley NJ,Stanton LW

更新日期：2008-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are generated from somatic cells by genetic manipulation. Reprogramming entails multiple transgene integrations and occurs apparently stochastically in rare cells over many days. Tissue stem cells may be subject to less-stringent epigenetic restrictions than other cells and might t...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Silva J,Barrandon O,Nichols J,Kawaguchi J,Theunissen TW,Smith A

更新日期：2008-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：:We have obtained precatalytic (enzyme-substrate complex) and postcatalytic (enzyme-product complex) crystal structures of an active full-length hammerhead RNA that cleaves in the crystal. Using the natural satellite tobacco ringspot virus hammerhead RNA sequence, the self-cleavage reaction was modulated by substitutin...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Chi YI,Martick M,Lares M,Kim R,Scott WG,Kim SH

更新日期：2008-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Centrosomes comprise a pair of centrioles surrounded by an amorphous pericentriolar material (PCM). Here, we have performed a microscopy-based genome-wide RNA interference (RNAi) screen in Drosophila cells to identify proteins required for centriole duplication and mitotic PCM recruitment. We analysed 92% of the Droso...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Dobbelaere J,Josué F,Suijkerbuijk S,Baum B,Tapon N,Raff J

更新日期：2008-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Malaria parasite transmission requires differentiation of male and female gametocytes into gametes within a mosquito following a blood meal. A mosquito-derived molecule, xanthurenic acid (XA), can trigger gametogenesis, but the signalling events controlling this process in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falcipa...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： McRobert L,Taylor CJ,Deng W,Fivelman QL,Cummings RM,Polley SD,Billker O,Baker DA

更新日期：2008-06-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Translation termination at premature termination codons (PTCs) triggers degradation of the aberrant mRNA, but the mechanism by which a termination event is defined as premature is still unclear. Here we show that the physical distance between the termination codon and the poly(A)-binding protein PABPC1 is a crucial de...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Eberle AB,Stalder L,Mathys H,Orozco RZ,Mühlemann O

更新日期：2008-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Asymmetric cell division and apoptosis (programmed cell death) are two fundamental processes that are important for the development and function of multicellular organisms. We have found that the processes of asymmetric cell division and apoptosis can be functionally linked. Specifically, we show that asymmetric cell ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Hatzold J,Conradt B

更新日期：2008-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Apoptotic cells in animals are engulfed by phagocytic cells and subsequently degraded inside phagosomes. To study the mechanisms controlling the degradation of apoptotic cells, we developed time-lapse imaging protocols in developing Caenorhabditis elegans embryos and established the temporal order of multiple events d...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Yu X,Lu N,Zhou Z

更新日期：2008-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:In Amazonian tropical forests, recent studies have reported increases in aboveground biomass and in primary productivity, as well as shifts in plant species composition favouring fast-growing species over slow-growing ones. This pervasive alteration of mature tropical forests was attributed to global environmental cha...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Chave J,Condit R,Muller-Landau HC,Thomas SC,Ashton PS,Bunyavejchewin S,Co LL,Dattaraja HS,Davies SJ,Esufali S,Ewango CE,Feeley KJ,Foster RB,Gunatilleke N,Gunatilleke S,Hall P,Hart TB,Hernández C,Hubbell SP,Itoh A,

更新日期：2008-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The translocation of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) across membranes of two cells is a fundamental biological process occurring in both bacterial conjugation and Agrobacterium pathogenesis. Whereas bacterial conjugation spreads antibiotic resistance, Agrobacterium facilitates efficient interkingdom transfer of ssDNA from...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Grange W,Duckely M,Husale S,Jacob S,Engel A,Hegner M

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00